President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882-1945) created the Civil Works Administration (CWA) on November 9, 1933 under the Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA). The Civil Works Administration aimed to create temporary jobs for unemployed Americans by hiring them to work on public projects, with a specific goal supporting Americans through the winter of 1933-1934. Harry L. Hopkins (1890-1946) headed this short-lived program, which lasted only until March 1934. In Georgia, the CWA emerged from the already in-place Georgia Emergency Relief Administration (GERA), under the guidance of Ronald Ransom (1882-1947) as chairman. On January 4, 1934, leadership of the program transferred to Gay Bolling Shepperson (1887-1977). The CWA in Georgia worked on numerous projects, including road repair and maintenance, malaria control drainage, community sanitation, construction and repairs of public buildings and grounds, and waterworks and sewage. Notable projects include the repair of Grady Memorial Hospital; many projects on the Georgia School of Technology campus, such as the Naval Armory; and the Ocmulgee National Monument.